More than 2.5 million Sudanese have been killed in the 21st century in brutal conflicts between north and south, in Darfur, South Kordofan, and Blue Nile, and in other regions. Although the north-south civil war ended, ultimately leading to South Sudan's independence in 2009, violence has continued and civilians remain at risk. Currently, the Early Warning Project considers Sudan to be one of the highest-risk countries for a new mass killing. View our resources on the 2003-05 violence and on the humanitarian crisis on the border with South Sudan.
Our quantitative assessment, from the Early Warning Project, estimates the risk of mass killing in Sudan over the next year.
Discover what led to the violence in the mid-2000s and the international response.
The Museum led a bearing witness trip to southern Sudan in 2010 as it prepared for the referendum on independence.
View photos and a firsthand report by photojournalist Pete Muller on his 2012 visit to border areas between Sudan and South Sudan.
Read a speech by Holocaust survivor and Museum founder Elie Wiesel at the 2004 Darfur Emergency Summit.
Learn about the 2003-2005 violence in Darfur and the international response in the Musem’s Holocaust Encyclopedia.