The Ładoś List: An index of people to whom the Polish Legation and Jewish organizations in Switzerland issued Latin American passports during the Second World War (ID: 50735)
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Description:
During the Second World War, Polish diplomats in the Swiss capital of Bern cooperated with the Jewish community to carry out the so-called passport campaign aimed at saving Jews from the Holocaust. Aleksander Ładoś, Konstanty Rokicki, Abraham Silberschein, Chaim Eiss, Stefan Ryniewicz and Juliusz Kühl, also known as the Ładoś Group, issued illegal passports and citizenship certificates of Latin American countries to Jews threatened with extermination. These documents allowed their bearers to be interned and then exchanged for German prisoners of war and saved them by giving them a chance to avoid transport to death camps.
The Ładoś List is an index of people to whom the Polish Legation in Bern and Jewish organizations operating in Switzerland issued Latin American passports during the Second World War.
Thanks to many months of enquiries, the Pilecki Institute has been able to identify 3,282 holders of passports or citizenship certificates of Paraguay, Honduras, Haiti and Peru. The Ładoś List contains the names and surnames of 3,023 people. The index also includes 259 family members of some of the listed persons. Their personal data could not be determined due to the lack of pertaining information in extant sources.
The Pilecki Institute estimates that approximately 5,000-7,000 names of Ładoś passport holders remain unknown.
The Ładoś List is an index of people to whom the Polish Legation in Bern and Jewish organizations operating in Switzerland issued Latin American passports during the Second World War.
Thanks to many months of enquiries, the Pilecki Institute has been able to identify 3,282 holders of passports or citizenship certificates of Paraguay, Honduras, Haiti and Peru. The Ładoś List contains the names and surnames of 3,023 people. The index also includes 259 family members of some of the listed persons. Their personal data could not be determined due to the lack of pertaining information in extant sources.
The Pilecki Institute estimates that approximately 5,000-7,000 names of Ładoś passport holders remain unknown.
Compiler:
- The Pilecki Institute
- Kumoch, Jakub
- Maniewska, Monika
- Uszyński, Jędrzej
- Zygmunt, Bartłomiej
Event Date:
Between 1941 - 1943
Language:
English
Persecution Status:
Jew
Number of Persons (Exact):
3023
Keyword:
Passports--Jews--Poland.
Provenance:
The index was sent to USHMM by Monika Maniewska of the Instytut Pileckiego in July of 2024
Notes:
- Location: This category notes the location assigned to a given person by the members of the Ładoś Group. The issuers of the documents themselves used various criteria to determine the location and so its meaning is ambiguous. In general, it details either the place of birth or the place where the passport applicant was residing. There are instances where a given person provided a location in a country other than his or her country of birth.
- Associated Place: The country with which the applicant was associated. This is most often the country of which he or she was a citizen. Many cases involve a presumption of the applicant’s citizenship. People named on the list have been assigned a citizenship according to the day of the outbreak of the Second World War in their countries of origin or residence (in the case of Austria and Czechoslovakia these dates are respectively March 11 and September 28, 1938; in the case of Germany the date is prior to the NSDAP coming to power). Cases of citizenship deprivation by European countries in the years 1918–1939 have not been included. The last known citizenship has been used for stateless individuals.
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