• Bluhm, B., 1917-
• Joods Historisch Museum (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

[1945?]

Statement by B. Bluhm listing the fates of 91 Dutch Jews, out of which 29 participated in the Resistance from the very beginning.

Amsterdam

• 2 leaves
• Number of Names or Other Entries-- 91 Names

Typescript with handwritten notations

List of 91 Jews, out of which 28 participated in the Dutch Resistance from the very beginning.

• Survivors Registry Collection [photocopy]: Document File EE0045.
• A scan of this document in PDF format is available at T:\DArchives\ReferenceCollection\AA0045\AA0045.pdf.

• Source Institution: Jewish Historical Museum, Amsterdam
• Institutional Call Number-- 00002779

• Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) --Registers of dead --Netherlands.
• Holocaust survivors --Netherlands --Registers.
• Jews --Netherlands --Amsterdam --Registers.
• World War, 1939-1945 --Jewish resistance --Netherlands --Registers.
• World War, 1939-1945 --Underground movements --Netherlands --Registers.
• World War, 1939-1945 --Participation, Jewish --Netherlands --Registers.

Appears to be a two-page sworn statement or signed affidavit of a B. Bluhm on the letterhead of the Amsterdamse Opera Studio, of which he was director, attesting as to the status of a total of 91 Jews, probably from Amsterdam. The first page lists 55 persons said to have died during the Holocaust (i.e. "overleden"), 29 of whom (the actual count), marked with an "x", were said by Mr. Blum to have "resisted the Germans from the very beginning". The second page lists 36 Holocaust survivors (i.e. "nog in leven").

• Text in Dutch.
• Cataloger-assigned title.
• Formerly cataloged under the title: List of 91 Jews, out of which 28 participated in the Dutch Resistance from the very beginning.
• "[I] declare under oath that these 28 Jewish men [res]isted the Germans from the very beginning [=] Voor 28 van deze Joodse verzets gongens, kan ik onder eed verklaren dat zy van het eerste unz verzet hebben gepleegt!"--Handwritten and signed notation on p. [1].
• "overleden, 55 personen" [i.e. "died, 55 persons"]--At head of p. [1].
• "nog in leven, 36 personen" [i.e. "still alive, 36 persons"]--At head of p. [2].
• "Van deze Joodse mensen is het bekend."--Handwritten notation on p. [2].

T:\DArchives\ReferenceCollection\AA0045\AA0045.pdf

Former Q&A Name Lists Database File Number-- AA0045

As a percentage, Dutch Jews probably perished at a higher rate than any other West European country. Prior to WWII, the community consisted of about 150,000 persons, including Jews who had fled there, primarily from Germany. 110,000 Jews were deported. About 5,000 returned, though a larger number survived in hiding either in the Netherlands or in other countries.

A substantial percentage of these registrants were born outside the Netherlands, primarily Germany, and there are significant numbers of persons born in Hamburg, Cologne, Berlin and other places, as well as smaller numbers from Austria, Poland and elsewhere.

A useful history of the Dutch Jewish community prior to, during and after the German occupation is provided in Dienke Hondius' Return: Holocaust Survivors and Dutch Anti-Semitism, (Westport, Conn.: Praeger, 2003).

This collection includes a number of lists obtained from the Jewish Historical Museum in Amsterdam. The lists include survivors documented after the war in various locations. Survivors include those identified as Dutch along with others, mostly German Jews, who may have immigrated to the Netherlands after the war.