Timeline of Events
St. Louis Sets Sail
Cover of a photo album belonging to SS St. Louis passenger Fritz Buff featuring an image of the ship. —US Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of Fred Buff
May 13, 1939
On May 13, 1939, the German transatlantic liner St. Louis sets sail from Hamburg, Germany, for Havana, Cuba. On board are over 900 passengers, almost all of them Jews fleeing from Nazi Germany.
The majority of the Jewish passengers had applied for visas to enter the United States, and had planned to stay in Cuba only until they could enter the United States. However, after Cuba and then the United States denied these refugees entry, the St. Louis was forced to return to Europe on June 6, 1939. Following difficult negotiations initiated by the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, the ship was able to dock in Antwerp, Belgium. The governments of Belgium, the Netherlands, France, and the United Kingdom agreed to accept the refugees.
The plight of German-Jewish refugees, persecuted at home and unwanted abroad, is illustrated by the voyage of the St. Louis.
The Loewinsohn family on board the SS St. Louis after setting sail from Hamburg, Germany. —US Holocaust Memorial Museum
Related Topics
- Holocaust Encyclopedia article—1939: Key Dates
- Holocaust Encyclopedia article—Voyage of the St. Louis
- Holocaust Encyclopedia article—Seeking Refuge in Cuba, 1939
- Holocaust Encyclopedia article—Refuge in Latin America
- Holocaust Encyclopedia article—Refugees
- Holocaust Encyclopedia animated map—Voyage of the St. Louis
- Online Exhibition—Voyage of the St. Louis
- See more from the Museum's Permanent Exhibition
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