Hundreds of Germans watch as SS guards escort Jews into a synagogue in Baden-Baden.

The SS rounded up 60 Jewish men in Baden-Baden, including guests at the spa, and marched them through town to the synagogue a few hours before it was set ablaze during Kristallnacht. The men were forced to sit in the synagogue sanctuary and listen while a fellow Jew, gymnasium professor Dr. Flehinger, read selections from Hitler’s Mein Kampf at the lectern from which the Torah scroll is generally read. Afterwards, the Jews had to rehearse the Horst Wessel song until they could recite the text perfectly. 40 of these men were later deported to Dachau. Baden-Baden, Germany. November 10, 1938.
— USHMM #12939, courtesy of Lydia Chagoll