10–10:15 a.m. Opening Remarks Ghettoization and Ghetto Life as a Subject of Scholarly Inquiry—Paul A. Shapiro, Director, Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum 10:15 a.m.–1p.m. Session I: Definition, Administration, and Resistance Chair—Geoffrey Megargee, Applied Research Scholar, Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Before the “Final Solution”: Nazi Ghettoization Policy in Poland, 1939–1941—Christopher R. Browning, Frank Porter Graham Professor of History, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Member, Academic Committee, United States Holocaust Memorial Council The Ghetto Experience in Southern Transnistria: Golta, 1942–1943—Dennis Deletant, Professor of Romanian Studies, University College London, and 2000–2001 Rosenzweig Fellow for the Study of the Fate of Jews in Transnistria during the Holocaust, Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Reevaluating the Emergence, Function, and Form of the Jewish Councils—Dan Michman, Professor of Modern Jewish History, Bar-Ilan University, and Chief Historian, Yad Vashem A Comparative View of the Kielce and Bialystok Ghettos—Sara Bender, Research Fellow, Strochlitz Institute for Holocaust Research, University of Haifa, and Managing Editor, Lexicon of the Righteous among the Nations, International Center for Holocaust Studies, Yad Vashem Kashariot: Women Couriers in the Jewish Resistance—Lenore J. Weitzman, Clarence J. Robinson Professor of Sociology and Law, George Mason University, and Fellow, Miles Lerman Center for the Study of Jewish Resistance, Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum 1–2 p.m. Break 2–5 p.m. Session II: Daily Life, Culture, and Religion Chair—Peggy Obrecht, Staff Director, Committee on Ethics, Religion, and the Holocaust, United States Holocaust Memorial Council Daily Life in the Ghettos of Eastern Europe: A Comparative Perspective—Gustavo Corni, Chair for Contemporary History, University of Trento, Italy Ghetto Diarists: A Comparative Examination of Experiences in Eastern and Western Europe—Alexandra Garbarini, Doctoral Candidate, University of California, Los Angeles, and 1999–2000 Fellow, Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Religious Practice in the Ghettos of Eastern Europe—Gershon Greenberg, Professor, Department of Philosophy and Religion, American University, Washington, D.C. The Haredim and Ultra-Orthodox Responses to Nazi Persecution in the Ghettos of Poland—Henry M. Abramson, Assistant Professor of History and Judaic Studies, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton Posing New Research Questions: Recently Released Ukrainian and Soviet Records—Vadim Altskan, Program Coordinator, International Archival Program, Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum This symposium is made possible by a grant from the Tamkin Foundation.