World War II, Nazi Crimes, and the Holocaust in the Soviet Union
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
December 7–9, 2012
National Research University Higher School of Economics
Moscow, Russia
Co-organized by
National Research University Higher School of Economics
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies
École des hautes études en sciences sociales
Georgetown University
University of Toronto
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CONFERENCE PROGRAM
Subject to change
FRIDAY, DECEMBER 7
10 a.m.
Welcome and Opening Remarks
Paul A. Shapiro, Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies,
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC, USA
Oleg Budnitskii, Director, International Center for the History and Sociology of World War II and Its Consequences, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
Plenary Session
Moderator: Michael David-Fox, Associate Professor, Department of History, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
The Holocaust in the Soviet Union: The Context and the Challenge
Paul A. Shapiro
The Great Patriotic War and Soviet Society
Oleg Budnitskii
The “European Civil War” and the Soviet Union, 1941–45
Aviel Roshwald, Professor, Department of History, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
2 p.m.
Panel I: Metamorphoses of Memory
Soviet Jewish Memory of the War and the Holocaust: Variations and Modifications
Galina Zelenina, Associate Professor and Senior Research Fellow, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
When Stalin Lost His Head: World War II and Memory Wars in Contemporary Ukraine
Serhii Plokhii, Mykhailo Hrushevsky Professor of Ukrainian History, Department of History, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
The Kliachkivs’kyi Cult in Volhynia: The Invention of a Ukrainian National Hero
Per Rudling, Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of History, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Denial: My German Family and the Holocaust
Michaela Pohl, Associate Professor, Department of History, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, USA
4:30 p.m.
Panel II: Gender Relations and Sexual Violence
Sexual Violence as “Weapon of War”? Enforced Nakedness, Sexual Torture, and Rape by German Soldiers during the War of Annihilation, 1941–45
Regina Mühlhäuser, War and Gender Working Group,
Hamburg Institute for Social Research, Hamburg, Germany
Women, Violence, and the Ukrainian Nationalist Insurgency during World War II
Olena Petrenko, PhD Candidate, Department of History,
Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
Jewish Youth in Nazi Ghettos in Byelorussia: How Age and Gender Mattered
Anika Walke, Postdoctoral Fellow, International and Area Studies, Washington University, St. Louis, USA
6:40 p.m.
Lives of the Great Patriotic War: Oral History Video Presentation
Julie Chervinsky, Director, Blavatnik Archive Foundation
SATURDAY, DECEMBER 8
9 a.m.
Panel III: Experiences in Investigating War Crimes
The Holocaust in the Eyes of Soviet Non-Jewish Military Personnel during World War II: Were the Victims Just Citizens or Jews?
Arkadi Zeltser, Director, Center for Research on the History of Soviet Jews during the Holocaust, International Institute for Holocaust Research, Yad Vashem, Jerusalem, Israel
The Osveia Tragedies: A Case Study of Mass Violence against Jewish and Non-Jewish Populations in Occupied Belarus
Juliette Denis, PhD Candidate, Institut d’histoire du temps présent, Université de Nanterre, Paris, France
Nathalie Moine, Researcher, Centre d’études des mondes russe, caucasien, et centre-européen, École des hautes études en sciences sociales, Paris, France
Stalinist Justice as a Site of Memory: Anti-Jewish Violence in Kyiv’s Podil District in September 1941 through the Prism of Soviet Investigative Documents
Oleksandr Melnyk, PhD Candidate, Department of History, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
The Fields of Berezovka: Crimes and Abuses against Jews Investigated in the War Criminal Trial of 1949
Andrei Muraru, Associate Professor, Department of History, Alexander Ioan Cuza University, Iaşi, Romania
Panel IV: Reflections of the War Experience in Literature
The Politics of Forgetting in Soviet Literary Works on World War II as the Result of Interaction between Author and Censorship
Il’ia Kukulin, Associate Professor, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
Cranes as a Symbol of Memory of the War in the Soviet Union in the Mid-1950s and 60s: The First Attempts at Working with Trauma
Mariia Maiofis, Deputy Director, Center for Humanities Research, Graduate Institute of Humanitarian Studies, Moscow, Russia
Cossack Valor as an Element of Soviet (Post)Wartime Jewish Identity: Does a Jew Who Sits on a Horse Cease to Be a Jew?
Gennady Estraikh, Rauch Associate Professor of Yiddish Studies, Skirball Department of Hebrew and Judaic Studies, New York University, New York, USA
11 a.m.
Panel V: War and Cinema
Brutal Realism and Female Bodies
Oksana Bulgakova, Professor, Department of Film Studies, Johannes Gutenburg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
“At Six O’Clock in the Evening after the War”: Memory and the Expectation of Peace in Wartime Soviet Cinema
Valérie Pozner, Researcher, Atelier de recherche sur l’intermédialité et les arts du spectacle, Paris, France
Another War behind the War? Soviet Attempts to Capture the Film Market of the Allied States, 1942–45
Vanessa Voisin, Deputy Director, Centre franco-russe de recherche en sciences humaines et sociales, Moscow, Russia
Representations of World War II in the First Soviet Films of the Cold War
Elena Baraban, Assistant Professor, Department of German and Slavic Studies, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
Panel VI: The Genocide of Roma in the Former Soviet Union
Moderator: Krista Hegburg, Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC, USA
Memory of the Holocaust of Roma in Contemporary Ukraine and Belarus: Mass Graves and the Politics of Commemoration
Andrej Kotljarchuk, University Lecturer, School of Gender, Culture, and History, Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden
The Genocide of Roma in Reichskommissariat Ukraine and Galicia in the Testimonies of Survivors in the USC Shoah Foundation Institute’s Visual History Archive and in the Occupation Press
Piotr Wawrzeniuk, Senior Lecturer, School of Gender, Culture, and History, Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden
The Nazi Persecution of Soviet “Gypsies” in the Militarily Administered Parts of Army Group North, 1941–44
Martin Holler, PhD Candidate, Department of History, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
Representations of the Genocide of Roma
David Gaunt, Professor, Centre for Baltic and East European Studies, Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden
2 p.m.
Panel VII: Complicity and Collaboration with German Occupiers
Moderator: Sergei Kudriashov, German Historical Institute Moscow, Moscow, Russia
From Collaboration to Perpetration: On the Ways Some Local Residents of South Ukraine Became Perpetrators of Crimes against Humanity
Vladimir Solonari, Associate Professor, Department of History, University of Central Florida, Orlando, USA
Nationalism, Anti-Bolshevism, or the Will to Survive: Forms of Belorussian Interaction with the German Occupation Authorities, 1941–44
Olga Baranova, Professor, Gonzaga University, Florence, and Florence University of the Arts, Florence, Italy
Punitive Brigades in Occupied Leningrad Oblast
Steven Maddox, Assistant Professor, Department of History, Canisius College, Buffalo, USA
A Political Mission? The Pskov Orthodox Mission and German Power in the German-Occupied Leningrad Province
Johannes Enstad, PhD Candidate, Department of Archaeology, Conservation and History, University of Oslo, Norway
Panel VIII: Interactions of Victims, Killers, and Witnesses in the Occupied Territories
Bringing the Soviet Population into the Story: Civilian Attitudes toward Jews during the Holocaust in Transnistria
Diana Dumitru, Associate Professor, World History Department, Moldova State Pedagogical University, Chisinau, Moldova
Ruptures and Continuities, Extremes and Exceptions: Ukrainian Responses to the Holocaust in Lviv, 1941–44
Tarik Cyril Amar, Assistant Professor, Department of History, Columbia University, New York, USA
Personal Holocausts: The Messy Intersection of Germans, Jews, and Non-Jews in the Soviet Union, 1941–44
Waitman Beorn, Assistant Professor, Department of History, University of Nebraska–Omaha, Omaha, USA
4:30 p.m.
Panel IX: Everyday Life on the Soviet Home Front
Culture Victorious: Evacuated Cultural Institutions, the Intelligentsia, and Mobilization during World War II
Erina Megowan, PhD Candidate, Department of History, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
Antisemitism on the Soviet Home Front
Oleg Leibovich, Lead Researcher, Laboratory for the Study of Soviet Everyday Life, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Perm, Russia
Long Way Home: The Unknown Soldiers of the Soviet Labor Front
Anna Kimerling, Lead Researcher and Project Manager, Laboratory for the Study of Soviet Everyday Life, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Perm, Russia
Panel X: Roundtable on New Sources
The International Tracing Service Archives
Paul A. Shapiro
Yahad–In Unum’s Testimony Collection
Johanna Lehr, Associate Researcher, Yahad-In Unum, Paris, France
SUNDAY, DECEMBER 9
9 a.m.
Panel XI: Atrocities and Law in the Occupied Territories
The War on the Eastern Front: Food, Starvation, and Genocide
Gesine Gerhard, Associate Professor, Department of History, University of the Pacific, Stockton, USA
The Jewish Police in the Vilna and Pinsk Ghettos during World War II
Svenja Bethke, PhD Candidate, Department of History, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany
The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945: New Findings on Camps and Ghettos in the Occupied Territories of the Soviet Union
Martin Dean, Applied Research Scholar, Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC, USA
Anatomy of an Atrocity: German Soldiers and the “Pacification” of Lida in the Holocaust’s “First Hour”
David W. Wildermuth, Assistant Professor, Department of Modern Languages, Shippensburg State University, Shippensburg, USA
Panel XII: Strategies and Practices of Resistance
Jewish Partisans in Belorussia and Ukraine: Context, Conflict, and Comparison
Zvi Gitelman, Preston R. Tisch Professor of Judaic Studies, Department of Political Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
Party Politics in Hell: Ghetto Uprisings during the Holocaust
Evgeny Finkel, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
Soviet Warlords: Partisan Rule under German Occupation, 1941–44
Masha Cerovic, PhD Candidate, Université Paris I Panthéon Sorbonne, Paris, France
“Kugel-Prisoners” and the “Mühlviertler Hasenjagd”: The Mass Escape of Soviet POWs from Mauthausen
Matthias Kaltenbrunner, Research Assistant, Center of Modern and Contemporary History, Austrian Academy of Science, Vienna, Austria
11 a.m.
Panel XIII: Feeding the Front and the Rear: Food and the Soviet War Effort during World War II
Starvation Mortality in Home-Front Industrial Regions during World War II
Donald Filtzer, Professor of Russian History, School of Arts and Digital Industries, University of East London, London, UK
Not By Bread Alone: Food, Workers, and the State on the Home Front
Wendy Goldman, Professor, Department of History, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA
The State’s Pot and the Soldier’s Spoon: Payok as a Social Contract
Brandon Schechter, PhD Candidate, Department of History, University of California, Berkeley, USA
A Blockade Cookbook
Sergei Iarov, Lead Researcher, St. Petersburg Institute of the History of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
Panel XIV: Evacuation: Identities in Change
Gan Eden or Gehennom?: Polish Jewish Refugees Reflect on Life in the USSR on the Brink of War
Eliyana Adler, Visiting Researcher, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
Evacuated, Deported, Wounded: A Study of Images of Outsiders and the Everyday Life of the Soviet Home Front
Aleksandr Chashchukhin, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of the Study of Soviet Everyday Life, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Perm, Russia
On a Journey from a Soviet Citizen to a Jewish Refugee: The Jewish Perceptions of the First Months of the Great Patriotic War
Anna Shternshis, Al and Malka Green Associate Professor in Yiddish Studies, Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Communities of Nomenclature on the Soviet Home Front: Social Adaptation to Life during World War II
Vladislav Shabalin, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of the Study of Soviet Everyday Life, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Perm, Russia
2 p.m.
Panel XV: POWs in Documentary and Narrative Sources
Moderator: Catherine Gousseff, Centre d’études des mondes russe, caucasien, et centre-européen, École des hautes etudes en sciences sociales, Paris, France
Soviet POWs in Nazi Calculations during Operation Barbarossa on the Territory of Ukraine: Ideology, Improvisation, Contradictions
Oleksandr Marinchenko, PhD Candidate, Department of History, Oles Gonchar University, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine
A “Double Persecution”? Postwar Soviet POWs’ Accounts of Incarceration and Collaboration
David Rich, Senior Historian, US Department of Justice, Washington, DC, USA
Nazi Concentration Camps in the Occupied Territory of Ukraine
Stanislav Aristov, Head of the Department of Humanities and Natural Sciences, Moscow Regional Institute for the Humanities, Podolsk, Russia
Not a Stranger’s Tragedy: Memories of Soviet Prisoners of War from the Kyiv Encirclement about the Destruction of the Jews
Tat’iana Pastushenko, Research Associate, Institute of History of Ukraine, Department of History of Ukraine during World War II, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Panel XVI: Roundtable on Historiography
Holocaust and Genocide Studies
Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History
New Literaray Observer
Rossiiskaya Istoriia
Excursion to the Russian-Jewish Museum of Tolerance
CONFERENCE SUPPORTERS
This conference has been made possible by the generous support of the following institutions:
Blavatnik Family Foundation
Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies and the Georgetown Institute for Global History, Georgetown University
Centre d’études des mondes russe, caucasien, et centre-européen, École des hautes études en sciences sociales
Centre for European, Russian and Eurasian Studies, Munk School for Global Affairs, and the Centre for Jewish Studies, University of Toronto
Centre franco-russe de recherche en sciences humaines et sociales de Moscou
German Historical Institute Moscow
Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History
National Research University Higher School of Economics
Funding from the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum has been made possible by the generosity of Jeff and Toby Herr.
CONTACT
For further information, please contact Krista Hegburg, Program Officer, Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies, at khegburg@ushmm.org.
